VIDEO
Video is an electronic medium for the recording, copying, playback, broadcasting, and display of moving visual media
History
Video technology was first developed for mechanical television systems, which were quickly replaced by cathode ray tube (CRT) television systems, but several new technologies for video display devices have since been invented. Video was originally exclusively a live technology. Charles Ginsburg led an Ampex research team developing one of the first practical video tape recorder (VTR). In 1951 the first video tape recorder captured live images from television cameras by converting the camera's electrical impulses and saving the information onto magnetic video tape.
Video file format
A video file format is a type of file format for storing digital video data on a computer system. Video is almost always stored in compressed form to reduce the file size.
copy from wikipedia:-
| Name | File extension(s) | Container format | Video coding format(s) | Audio coding format(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Matroska | .mkv | Matroska | Any | Any | |
| Ogg Video | .ogv, .ogg | Ogg | Theora, Dirac | Vorbis, FLAC | |
| Dirac | .drc | ? | Dirac | ? | |
| QuickTime File Format | .mov, .qt | QuickTime | Many[3] | AAC, MP3, others[3] | |
| Windows Media Video | .wmv | ASF | Windows Media Video, Windows Media Video Screen, Windows Media Video Image | Windows Media Audio, Sipro ACELP.net | |
| Advanced Systems Format (ASF) | .asf | ASF | any | any | |
| MPEG-4 Part 14 (MP4) | .mp4, .m4p (with DRM), .m4v | MPEG-4 Part 12 | H.264, MPEG-4 Part 2, MPEG-2, MPEG-1 | Advanced Audio Coding, MP3, others | |
| MPEG-2 – Video | .mpg, .mpeg, .m2v | ? | H.262 | AAC, MP3, MPEG-2 Part 3, others | |
| Material Exchange Format (MXF) | .mxf | MXF | ? | ? | |
| 3GPP | .3gp | MPEG-4 Part 12 | MPEG-4 Part 2, H.263, H.264 | AMR-NB, AMR-WB, AMR-WB+, AAC-LC, HE-AACv1 or Enhanced aacPlus (HE-AAC v2) | Common video format for cell phones |
| 3GPP2 | .3g2 | MPEG-4 Part 12 | MPEG-4 Part 2, H.263, H.264 | AMR-NB, AMR-WB, AMR-WB+, AAC-LC, HE-AACv1 or Enhanced aacPlus (HE-AAC v2), EVRC, SMVor VMR-WB | Common video format for cell phones |
| M4V – (file format for videos for iPods and PlayStation Portables developed by Apple) | .m4v | MPEG-4 Part 12 | H.264 | AAC, Dolby Digital | Developed by Apple, used in iTunes. Very similar to MP4 format, but may optionally have DRM. |
| Flash Video (FLV) | .flv .f4v .f4p .f4a .f4b | Audio, video, text, data | Adobe Flash Platform | SWF, F4V, ISO base media file format | Developed by the Adobe Flash Platform |
| Vob | .vob | VOB | H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2 or MPEG-1 Part 2 | PCM, DTS, MPEG-1, Audio Layer II (MP2), or Dolby Digital (AC-3) | Files in VOB format have .vob filename extension and are typically stored in the VIDEO_TS folder at the root of a DVD. The VOB format is based on the MPEG program stream format. |
| Nullsoft Streaming Video (NSV) | .nsv | NSV | ? | ? | For streaming video content over the Internet |
| Multiple-image Network Graphics | .mng | N/A | N/A | none | Inefficient, not widely used. |
| RealMedia(RM) | .rm | RealMedia | RealVideo | RealAudio | Made for RealPlayer |
| RealMedia Variable Bitrate(RMVB) | .rmvb | RealMedia Variable Bitrate | RealVideo | RealAudio | Made for RealPlayer |
| Video alternative to GIF | .gifv | HTML | Any | none | Not standardized, and not a real video file in the classical meaning since it merely references the real video file (e.g. a .webm file), which has to exist separately elsewhere. A .gifv "file" is simply a HTML webpage which includes a HTML5 video tag, where the video has no sound. As there were large communities online which create art using the medium of short soundless videos in GIF format, GIFV was created as a functionally similar replacement with vastly smaller filesizes than the inefficient GIF format. |
| MPEG-1 | .mpg, .mp2, .mpeg, .mpe, .mpv | MPEG-1 part 1 | MPEG-1 part 2 | MPEG-1 Audio Layer I, MPEG-1 Audio Layer I, MPEG-1 Audio Layer III (MP3) | Old, but very widely used due to installed base. |
| AMV video format | .amv | Modified version of AVI[4] | Variant of Motion JPEG | Variant of IMA, ADPCM | Proprietary video file format produced for MP4 players and S1 MP3 players with video playback |
| F4V | .flv | MPEG-4 Part 12 | H.264 | MP3, AAC | Replacement for FLV. |
| WebM | .webm | Matroska | VP8, VP9 | Vorbis, Opus | Royalty-free format created for HTML5 video. |
| SVI | .svi | ? | ? | ? | Samsung video format for portable players |
| GIF | .gif | N/A | N/A | none | Simple animation, inefficient compression, no sound, widely supported |
| Raw video format | .yuv | Further documentation needed | Doesn't apply | Doesn't apply | Supports all resolutions, sampling structures, and frame rates |
| Flash Video(FLV) | .flv | FLV | VP6, Sorenson Spark, Screen video, Screen video 2, H.264 | MP3, ADPCM, Nellymoser, Speex, AAC | Use of the H.264 and AAC compression formats in the FLV file format has some limitations and authors of Flash Player strongly encourage everyone to embrace the new standard F4V file format[2] de facto standard for web-based streaming video (over RTMP). |
| ROQ | .roq | ? | ? | ? | used by Quake 3[5] |
| AVI | .avi | AVI | any | any | Uses RIFF |
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